Dr Sarah Palmer

It takes around 12 years to get a variety to market from its development stage therefore it can be a challenge to breed traits that match current market demands and policies.

Currently those are angled towards grasses that grow with lower inputs. This is at odds with the process for getting varieties on the Recommended List, which are trial managed with higher fertiliser, said IBERS plant breeder Dr Sarah Palmer.

“It has to be a balance, there is no point in having the best varieties in the world if they don’t make it onto the Recommended List,’’

She said.

“It is important that the varieties we breed are not only what is in demand today but in 10 or 20 years time. Plant breeding is a bit like gambling, you have to roll the dice enough times to get the right combination of traits.’’

There are up to 10,000 trial plots grown at IBERS in any given year, harvested up to nine times a year for three years. 

Advancements in technology have allowed the process of collecting data from the trial plots to be significantly speeded up and much less energy is now needed to dry samples for weighing.

Progress is now being made with the scale of the data that can be gathered. Near infrared reflectance spectroscopy (NIRS), already used for predicting dry matter content, is being calibrated to scrutinise quality too.

“This will generate thousands of data points for selecting for quality,’’

Said Dr Palmer.

A focus of attention going forward includes harnessing the potential of fatty acids in grass, she added.

“If we can change this energy rich source in the grass in a meaningful way we think it will decrease methane and further increase production efficiency.’’

The Farming Connect open day was facilitated by Elan Davies, Farming Connect Red Meat Technical Officer for south east Wales.

She said advancements in grass varieties thanks to the work at IBERS highlighted the value farmers can gain from reseeding under-performing leys.

Although cultivation is not cheap, return on investment can be achieved from improved grass quality and quantity of fresh leys sown with new seed varieties, she added.

“There is also the consequential uplift in livestock performance from enhanced palatability, digestibility and intakes.’’

Farming Connect is delivered by Menter a Busnes and Lantra on behalf of Welsh Government and the European Agricultural Fund for Rural Development.