Growing of rye
Rye was considered a potentially useful crop due to foreseen issues in the long term with triticale:
- Triticale fits well in the rotation but is very susceptible to yellow rust which is extremely yield depleting, time consuming and expensive to control
- Varieties are not tested for disease resistance.
- Breeders struggling to multiply up new varieties of triticale so it may disappear in the long run
- Rye is less susceptible to take-all than wheat, barley and triticale (Important as this would be a 3rd cereal).
- Benefits from early drilling
- Seemed a good fit for a triticale replacement
- Greater scope for grassweed control than in barley
- BUT: Very little information available on growing and feeding rye grain to cattle, mostly harvested as wholecrop
Winter Rye Agronomy
Seed depth important
- Do not drill too deep as rye is small seeded and does not have the reservesto emerge from depth; KWS advise 2cm drilling depth
Slug control essential in early stag
- Consider Deter seed treatment
- Particularly on lower seed rate crops (e.g. Hybrid Rye)
- Avoid seedbed conditions conducive to slug activity
Rye can get BYDV (Barley Yellow Dwarf Virus)
- Consider Deter seed treatment and follow best practice advice for pyrethroid application as for any cereal crop
- Aim to drill mid to late September, and seed rates should be based on time of drilling along with seed bed, soil and moisture conditions, ranging from 200 to 300+ per m2
- At Upper Pendre the variety SU Cossani Hybrid from Saaten Union (Danish plant breeder) was drilled end September 2016 on a 6ha field at 200seeds/m2 and sprayed with pre-emergence herbicide.
Rye 9 December 2016
Agrochemical inputs
Rye 19 May 2016
Frost damage to emerging rye ears 19 May
In summary:
- Unfortunately, late frosts took a portion of the rye ears as they emerged
- Harvest was delayed due to wet weather
- This resulted in a yield of 6.9T/ha (2.8T/ac)
- The net margin/ha for the rye crop was a loss of £132.83 as compared to a net margin of £270.79/ha for triticale in 2017
- The triticale yielded more (7.75T/ha) and costs were lower
- The rye was disadvantaged by several factors:
- Only field on the farm with any blackgrass
- Rye is susceptible to mildew and brown rust
- It needs a very robust plant growth regulator programme to keep it standing
- It matures early in the season, thereby being susceptible to late frosts
Agronomy advice for cereals grown at Upper Pendre was provided by Scarlett Sentenbien, Agrovista.