How to ensure your sow becomes pregnant

Understanding targets to implement in pig systems will ensure producers are getting the most out of their herd. The number of sows in pig, the number of pigs born alive and the number of pigs successfully weaned are key performance indicators which if achieved will increase the profitability and performance of the enterprise. 

The event discussed fertility and how to reduce any fertility problems with a focus on the typical pig herds in Wales. Bob Stevenson, renowned and experienced specialist pig vet explained the common pitfalls producers experience influenced by fertility of their herd. 

• The importance of condition scoring gilts, sows and boars and the effect on fertility 
• Methods of serving - live boar serving or artificial insemination 
• Piglet health and keeping pigs alive 
• KPI- time to serve, gestation and number of pigs born alive 

Key messages 
Bob Stevenson stated that is was really important that after mating the pigs are left in a calm environment and should not be moved or mixed with new groups of pigs soon after mating. 

There are a number of factors which effect pregnancy in gilts and sows which include the following: 
• Too thin or too fat (condition of the sow or gilt)
• Age 
• Boar used/ method of service 
• Timing 
• Environment 
• Group 
 

Bob Stevenson urged pig keepers to become aware of the environmental factors and condition of the pig as they would have an impact on whether the pigs become pregnant and the number of egg effectively fertilised.

Consider timing of mating: 
• Ovulation occurs about 36-40 hours after the beginning of standing heat. 
• Optimum insemination is 6-12 hours prior to ovulation. 
• Therefore, mate 24 hours after initiation of standing heat and rebreed 8-16 hours later if female will still accept the boar or is still showing a positive (standing) response to the ‘Back Pressure Test’.

A different boar might be used at each service if breeding only for market pigs. 
Do not leave boars with sows without supervision and always supervise live mating’s.

Take away messages

Ensure that any purchased stock is isolated for 3-6 weeks and then integrated into the herd slowly. Allow for pigs to settle in before mating them. Keep pigs in social groups and avoid mixing around service.

Optimum insemination is 6-12 hours prior to ovulation 

With thanks to our keynote speaker – Bob Stevenson and Penlan Farm hosts, Hugh and Katharine Brookes.